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Fiber to the Curb and Premises
Author: John SheplerCopper is rapidly disappearing from telecommunications networks. Its replacement, fiber optic cable, can run through the same conduit when the copper bundle was removed, or it can be dug nearby. The old copper line was slowly returning to nature as the old two-lane highway was replaced by new interstate construction.
But, you say, I still have a copper connection. My computer's RJ45 cable is definitely copper twisted pair. The same applies to coaxial cables that provide broadband access to offices. Where are all the fibers you speak of?Mostly fiber outside, mostly copper inside
The silent revolution in fiber optic transmission has gone unnoticed. The reason is simple. A standard Ethernet cable works well at home or in the office. You can easily get 1 Gb/s and even 10 Gb/s throughput... as long as the cables are kept short. This is 100 meters or 328 feet for CAT5e or CAT6 at 1 Gbps and CAT6A at 10 Gbps. CAT 6 can also operate at 10 Gbps at distances up to 180 feet.
In most small offices, you no longer need to run to the nearest switch or router. Since most of the network equipment you use every day has a 10/100/1000 Mbps RJ45 interface, you probably don't need to worry about fiber connections. That is, unless you work in the IT department of the company, unless you are big enough to own the company, or work for one of the carriers.
The barely visible interface changes from copper cable to fiber optic. Why? speed and distance. Whether you need 100Mbps Fast Ethernet or 1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet, you'll need fiber to carry these high-speed packets across and out of campus. It may have copper patch cords at each end, but they are all fiber optic.
roadside fiber
If you don't look inside the beast, you can imagine that the Internet is made up of millions of miles of illuminated copper wires in a network spanning the entire globe. Actually, that's how it started. Today, the concept is as old as that annoying tune. Long-distance networks in the world have long been converted to fiber optic fiber is rapidly replacing local telecommunications facilities. When hurricanes and other natural disasters strike, telephone companies step in to lay new fiber to replace multi-pair, plastic- and even paper-coated bundles that can be several decades old. Increased throughput and reliability, as well as higher service rates, are possible.
So why do phone and broadband connections look the same as usual? Someday they too will be replaced, but for now it makes sense to avoid the high costs of laying new lines off roads or moving old buildings. The trick to keeping old twisted-pair and coax cables up-to-date is to route the fiber into a junction box on the side of the road and splice it to the existing copper. As you may have guessed, it is called Fiber to the Curb or FTTC. It's a temporary measure that works great... for now.
Instead of fiber
The next logical step for the service provider would be to install fiber directly in your building and provide you with a fiber or copper connection at the edge. For bandwidth business services, this is becoming commonplace. Several thousand cell towers were served only by fiber optic lines. It replaces the proven T1 line which works great with 3G but doesn't reach 4G speeds and definitely doesn't support 5G wireless.
This service is logically called Fiber To The Premises or FTTP. For residential services, this is often referred to as FTTH or Fiber to the Home. Two main versions have been implemented. One of them is an active fiber that contains all the electronics from end to end. The other is a less expensive method called passive fiber, which uses a passive optical splitter to connect multiple locations to a single strand of active fiber.
Is it time to change fiber optics?
You can bet that the provider you are using is using their core network over high speed fiber, maybe 40Gbps or 100Gbps. The question is, do they connect you with traditional twisted-pair copper cable leased from the telephone company, or do they run the fiber directly to the site? Cable companies use HFC or hybrid fiber coax systems, so the cheapest broadband coax services are connected to their fiber lines near curb towers or junction boxes. Cable companies can connect you directly to their fiber optic network for better service.
The benefit of fiber in your home is that it helps keep your services running. If you install, for example, a Gigabit Ethernet port, you can subscribe to any channel at speeds up to 1 Gbps. If you currently only need 100Mbps, or even 10Mbps, you will have the option to increase your speed with a simple phone call. Some providers now allow their customers to log in and update their own services. Billing accounts for automatic upgrades and downgrades.
Not sure which service is best for your business? Discuss your needs with one of our experienced consultants and learn about the different bandwidth options available for your location.
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